### 4.11.3 matrix type cast

`Syntax:`
  `matrix (` expression `)`
  `matrix (` expression, int_n, int_m `)`
`Type:`
  matrix
`Purpose:`
  Converts expression to a matrix, where expression must be of type int, intmat, intvec, number, poly, ideal, vector, module, or matrix. If int_n and int_m are supplied, then they specify the dimension of the matrix. Otherwise, the size (resp. dimensions) of the matrix is determined by the size (resp. dimensions) of the expression.
`Example:`

        ring r=32003,(x,y,z),dp;
        matrix(x);
      ==> _[1,1]=x
        matrix(x, 1, 2);
      ==> _[1,1]=x
      ==> _[1,2]=0
        matrix(intmat(intvec(1,2,3,4), 2, 2));
      ==> _[1,1]=1
      ==> _[1,2]=2
      ==> _[2,1]=3
      ==> _[2,2]=4
        matrix(_, 2, 3);
      ==> _[1,1]=1
      ==> _[1,2]=2
      ==> _[1,3]=0
      ==> _[2,1]=3
      ==> _[2,2]=4
      ==> _[2,3]=0
        matrix(_, 2, 1);
      ==> _[1,1]=1
      ==> _[2,1]=3

See Type conversion and casting; intmat type cast; matrix.

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